Use of Enzyme in Textile and Laundry Detergent
Enzyme in Textile
4 Enzymes
used in textile are:
- Amylase
-
Cellulase
-
Pectinase
-
Protease
4 Wet
processing activities:
- Resizing - Bleach cleanup
- Biopolishing - Bioscouring
- Denim finishing -
Dewooling
4 Resizing
® Amylase
(starch hydrolysis).
® Starch,
thread, adhesive substances during weaving.
® Softness,
smoothness.
® After
weaving, the starch has to be remove to prepare fabrics for the finishing steps
of bleaching or dyeing, starch splitting enzyme amylases are wed to desire
woven fabrics of their highly efficient & specific way of desiring without
harming the yarn.
4 Biopolishing
® Cellulase
® Most
cotton fibers tend to be fluffy.
® Treating
the fiber with biopolishing enzymes remove the small hairs or fuzz (tiny
strands of fiber) that produce from the surface yarn (fiber for knitting,
weaving etc).
® Biopolishing
make cloths as brand new & make smother as even washed them several times.
4 Denim
finishing or stonewash
® Cellulase
(Enzyme in natural solution?)
® Stone
wash jeans are the height of fashion. Traditional way of producing it is to
wash the jeans with pumic stones.
® This
is a harsh treatment both for the jeans & the environment.
® The
fabric of the jeans is weekend & may appear flossy.
® Life
span of the stone wash jeans is for shorter than that of regular blue jeans.
® By
adding cellulose enzymes to the process these disadvantages may be overcome:-
- The look of
the denim jeans or stone wash jeans are same.
- The process do
not damaged the fabric.
- The jeans last
much longer.
- The process
save wash look there is no need for several revising process to get rid of
stone.
4 Bleach
Cleanup
® Cellulase
bleach cleanup was carried out by H2O2 (Hydrogen
peroxide).
4 Bioscouring
® Clean
by rubbing with caustic soda.
® Multicomponent
enzyme.
® Prior
to dyeing or printing, noncellulose, component from form native cotton removed
by scouring.
4 Protease
® Used
in detergent to remove protein based stains.
Such as:
blood
mucus (these substances are almost feces
insoluble & tend to adhere to egg textile) gravy
ü Protease
hydrolysis products are peptides which are readily dissolved or dispersed in
the washing liquor.
ü Protease
use to make ‘Shrink proof’
ü Make
the wool a silky luster and added to its value.
Application of Enzyme in laundry Detergent
Proteases were first added to detergent
to remove recalcitrant such as blood, egg protein etc.
4 Detergent
preparation are routinely formulated with-
® Large
amount of non-ionic surfactants to allow water to contact hydrophobic dirt
strongly alkaline soaps to enhance washing effects oxidizing compound such as –hyperchlorite.
4 Perborate
or percarbonate
® Sodium
tri-phosphate to counter act water hardness
® Prevent
scaling
® In
addition formulation on contain bleach contain peroxide.
® Laundry
detergents are available in granulated from use in detergent powders, as liquid
preparation in aqueous solution and as liquid concentrate used for remaining
stubborn stain.
® Enzymes
in laundry detergent are almost all producing using Bacillus enzymes, which secrets detergents enzymes in to the
fermentation broth.
v Cellulase - washing cotton fiber
v protease
- Blood and egg stain
v Lipase - it has role in grease stains, it convert triglyceride
into mono and di-glyceride.
® First
commercial enzymes developed by the application of Genetic engineering and the
first ever detergent lipase.
v Amylase - Grass and starch dirt hydrolyze starch
in to dextrins and oligosaccharides are readily dissolve in the washing liquor.
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